|
1. ACUTE STRESS DISORDER
A. The person has been exposed to a traumatic event in which
both of the following were present:
(1) the person experienced, witnessed, or was confronted with
an event or events that involved actual or threatened death or
serious injury, or a threat to the physical integrity of self or
others
(2) the person's response involved fear, helplessness, or
horror
B. Either while experiencing or after experiencing the
distressing event, the individual has three (or more) of the
following dissociative symptoms:
(1) a subjective sense of numbing, detachment, or absence of
emotional responsiveness
(2) a reduction in awareness of his or
her surroundings (eg,"being in a daze")
(3)
derealization
(4) depersonalization
(5) dissociative amnesia
(ie, inability to recall an important aspect of the trauma
C. The traumatic event is persistently reexperienced in at
least one of the following ways: recurrent images, thoughts,
dreams, illusions, flashback episodes, or a sense of reliving
the experience; or distress on exposure to reminders of the
traumatic event.
D. Marked avoidance of stimuli that arouse recollections of
the trauma.
E. Marked symptoms of anxiety or increased arousal (eg,
difficulty sleeping, irritability, poor concentration,
hypervigilance, exaggerated startle response, motor
restlessness).
F. The disturbance causes clinically significant distress or
impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of
functioning.
G. The disturbance lasts for a minimum of 2 days and a
maximum of 4 weeks and occurs within 4 weeks of the traumatic
event.
H. The disturbance is not due to the direct physiological
effects of a substance or a general medical condition, is not
better accounted for by brief psychotic disorder, and is not
merely an exacerbation of a preexisting Axis I or Axis II
disorder.
2. POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER
A. The person has been exposed to a traumatic event in which
both of the following were present:
(1) the person experienced, witnessed, or was confronted with
an event or events that involved actual or threatened death or
serious injury, or a threat to the physical integrity of self or
others
(2) the person's response involved fear, helplessness, or
horror
B. The traumatic event is persistently reexperienced in one
(or more) of the following ways:
(1) recurrent and intrusive distressing recollections of the
event, including images, thoughts, or perceptions
(2) recurrent
distressing dreams of the event
(3) acting or feeling as if the
traumatic event were recurring (includes a sense of reliving the
experience, illusions, hallucinations, and dissociative
flashback episodes, including those that occur on awakening or
when intoxicated)
(4) intense psychological distress at exposure
to internal or external cues that symbolize or resemble an
aspect of the traumatic event
(5) physiological reactivity on
exposure to internal or external cues that symbolize or resemble
an aspect of the traumatic event
C. Persistent avoidance of stimuli associated with the trauma
and numbing of general responsiveness (not present before the
trauma), as indicated by three (or more) of the following:
(1) efforts to avoid thoughts, feelings, or conversations
associated with the trauma
(2) efforts to avoid activities,
places, or people that arouse recollections of the trauma
(3)
inability to recall an important aspect of the trauma
(4)
markedly diminished interest or participation in significant
activities
(5) feeling of detachment or estrangement from others
(6) restricted range of affect (eg, unable to have loving
feelings)
(7) sense of a foreshortened future (eg, does not
expect to have a career, marriage, children, or a normal life
span)
D. Persistent symptoms of increased arousal (not present
before the trauma), as indicated by two (or more) of the
following:
(1) difficulty falling or staying asleep
(2) irritability or
outbursts of anger
(3) difficulty concentrating
(4)
hypervigilance
(5) exaggerated startle response
E. Duration of the disturbance (symptoms in Criteria B, C,
and D) is more than 1 month.
F. The disturbance causes clinically significant distress or
impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of
functioning.
|